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Scientific name
Troides Hubner, [1819]
Chinese name
裳鳳蝶屬
English name
Asian Birdwing Butterfly
Classification
鳳蝶科(Papilionidae)，鳳蝶亞科(Papililoninae)，裳鳳蝶族(Troidini)
Diagnosis
Medium-large-sized swallowtail butterflies. Wingspan 10-22 cm, sexually dimorphic in wing shape and wing colouration; forewing in male usually more elongate than female; ground colour black or tinged with yellow, white or whitish gray scales; hindwings usually undulate at margin, yellow without or with pearled sheen; forewing in female bearing more developed light-coloured scales along each of veins; hindwings of female broader than male and bearing more developed black dots on each cells.
Distribution
The whole genus comprises about 19-20 species, which widely ranges throughout the eastern part of Palaearctic Region, Oriental Region and the south Pacific area west to Wallace line.
Habitat and Ecology
The habitat types of this genus vary from tropical coastal forests to temperate cloud forests at about 3000 m. The adults usually soar in the sky, visit flowers or lick water along small creeks. The larvae of all species feeding on Aristolochia spp. and Pararistolochia spp.
Threats and Conservation Status
All species are protected by the CITES Appendix II and the European Union, and two of them, Troides aeacus formosanus and T. magellanus, are listed in the category II and I of the Wildlife Conservation Law of Taiwan, respectively. The major threats on this genus are deforestation and over-collecting. Some local populations are facing serious crisis by large-scaled forest cutting off. According to Parson (1996), Ornithoptera, Trogonoptera and Troides are the acclaimed flagship genera of international butterfly conservation, yet their needs have still to be seriously addressed. It is proposed that their long-term survival can be simply and practically enhanced by following a few key guidelines: notably through habitat conservation and enhancement of that habitat by management which would primarily include planting of Aristolochia and Pararistolochia larval foodplant vines. It is also cautioned, however, that such actions must not be postponed any longer. For more information about conservation of this genus see Igarashi & Fukuda (1997, 2000), New & Collins (1991) and Parsons (1983, 1996).
Remarks
The genus contains the following species. Among them, Troides dohertyi (Rippon, 1893) (竇氏裳鳳蝶) has been downgraded to a subspecies of T. rhadamantus.
Troides aeacus (Felder & Felder, 1860) 黃裳鳳蝶
Troides amphrysus (Cramer, [1779]) 金裳鳳蝶
Troides criton (Felder & Felder, 1860) 摩鹿加裳鳳蝶
Troides andromache (Staudinger, 1892) 婆羅洲裳鳳蝶
Troides cuneifera (Oberth坧, 1879) 淡紋裳鳳蝶
Troides darsius (Gray, [1853]) 斯里蘭卡裳鳳蝶
Troides haliphron (Boisduval, 1836) 小斑裳鳳蝶
Troides helena (Linnaeus, 1758) 海蓮納裳鳳蝶(黃扇鳳蝶)
Troides hypolitus (Cramer, [1775]) 灰白裳鳳蝶
Troides magellanus (Felder & Felder, 1862) 珠光鳳蝶
Troides minos (Cramer, [1779]) 南印裳鳳蝶
Troides miranda (Butler, 1869) 紫裳鳳蝶
Troides oblongomaculatus (Goeze, 1779) 長斑裳鳳蝶
Troides plato (Wallace, 1865) 帝汶裳鳳蝶
Troides prattorum Joicey & Talbot, 1922 普氏珠光鳳蝶
Troides rhadamantus (Lucas, 1835) 菲島裳鳳蝶
Troides riedeli (Kirsch, 1885) 瑞氏裳鳳蝶
Troides staudingeri (R颹er, 1888) 史氏裳鳳蝶
Troides vandepolli (Snellen, 1890) 范氏裳鳳蝶

Troides hypolitus (Cramer, [1775])
灰白裳鳳蝶(圖74-75-76-77)

Troides andromache (Staudinger, 1892)
婆羅洲裳鳳蝶(圖78-79-80-81)

Troides miranda (Butler, 1869)
紫裳鳳蝶(圖82-83-84-85)

Troides cuneifera (Oberthuer, 1879)
淡紋裳鳳蝶(圖86-87-88-89)

Troides amphrysus (Cramer, [1779])
金裳鳳蝶(圖90-91-92-93)

Troides darsius (Gray, [1853])
斯里蘭卡裳鳳蝶(圖94-95-96-97)

Troides vandepolli (Snellen, 1890)
范氏裳鳳蝶(圖98-99-100-101)

Troides criton (Felder & Felder, 1860)
摩鹿加裳鳳蝶(圖102-103-104-105)

Troides riedeli (Kirsch, 1885)
瑞氏裳鳳蝶(圖106-107-108-109)

Troides haliphron (Boisduval, 1836)
小斑裳鳳蝶(圖110-111-112-113)

Troides plato (Wallace, 1865)
帝汶裳鳳蝶(圖114-115-116-117)

Troides oblongomaculatus (Goeze, 1779)
長斑裳鳳蝶(圖118-119-120-121)

Troides helena (Linnaeus, 1758)
海蓮納裳鳳蝶(黃扇鳳蝶)
(圖122-123-124-125)

Troides prattorum Joicey & Talbot, 1922
普氏珠光鳳蝶(圖126-127-128-129)

Troides magellanus (Felder & Felder, 1862)
珠光鳳蝶(圖130-131-132-133)

Troides rhadamantus (Lucas, 1835)
菲島裳鳳蝶(圖134-135-136-137)

Troides dohertyi (Rippon, 1893)
多氏裳鳳蝶(圖138-139-140-141)

Troides aeacus (Felder & Felder, 1860)
黃裳鳳蝶(圖142-143-144-145)

Troides minos (Cramer, [1779])
南印裳鳳蝶(圖146-147-148-149)